Phosphates And Brown Algae. Help Please Please. SOLVED

This is the external I have, a Reptile-One 1250-R. It is almost silent running and the chances of it leaking appear to be very remote and probably only when you don't assemble the filter back together properly. If you did this it would be instantly noticeable. Once you get it up and running it does exactly what it should ie. run in the background and do it's job without issue. All it asks for is a little maintenance of removing and clearing the media of the gunk and gently removing and gently cleaning the impeller every couple of months.

All the best with your new purchase, I reckon you should see a satisfactory improvement 

Sorry, forgot to actually add the pic of the filter...

Algae is usually the result of an imbalance between lighting, carbon dioxide and nutrients. Virtually all tanks have some algae, it's when it gets out of control you need to do something. The easiest things to do is find the cause and rectify that.
This is a useful site for identifying algae, though it deals mainly with causes and cures in hi-tech tanks. It'll give you some ideas though.

I honestly don't know what it would be and how I figure it out.

I think that maybe because you're trying so many new things so quickly, you're not giving the tank a chance to settle. So you're not seeing what is working and what isn't. Take a deep breathe and just do one thing at a time and give it time to work or not.

If you don't, you wont know what measures are effective. Tanks are living environments, all living things need time to adjust. I know you probably want everything to be perfect now but a little patience now will save you an awful lot of time, effort and money in the long run.